In Python, an operator is a symbol used to perform arithmetical and logical operations. In other words, an operator can be defined as a symbol used to manipulate the value of an operand. Here, an operand is a value or variable on which the operator performs its task. For example, '+' is a symbol used to perform mathematical addition operation.

Consider the expression a = 10 + 30 . Here, variable 'a', values '10' and '30' are known as Operands and the symbols '=' and '+' are known as Operators.

Types of Operators in Python

In Python, there is a rich set of operators, and they are classified as follows.

• Arithmetic Operators ( +, -, *, /, %, **, // )
• Assignment Operators ( =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=, //= )
• Comparison Operators ( <, <=, >, >=, ==, != )
• Logical Operators ( and, or, not )
• Identity Operators ( is, is not )
• Membership Operators ( in, not in )
• Bitwise Operators ( &, |, ^, ~, <<, >> )

Let's look at each type of operators in Python.

Arithmetic Operators in Python

In Python, the arithmetic operators are the operators used to perform a basic arithmetic operation between two variables or two values. The following table presents the list of arithmetic operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 and b with value 3.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the arithmetic operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 3
print(f"a + b = {a + b}")
print(f"a - b = {a - b}")
print(f"a * b = {a * b}")
print(f"a / b = {a / b}")
print(f"a % b = {a % b}")
print(f"a ** b = {a ** b}")
print(f"a // b = {a // b}")

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Assignment Operators in Python

In Python, the assignment operators are the operators used to assign the right-hand side value to the left-hand side variable. The following table presents the list of assignment operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 and b with value 3.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the assignment operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 3
a += b
print(f"a += b => {a}")
a -= b
print(f"a -= b => {a}")
a *= b
print(f"a *= b => {a}")
a /= b
print(f"a /= b => {a}")
a %= b
print(f"a %= b => {a}")
a **= b
print(f"a **= b => {a}")
a //= b
print(f"a //= b => {a}")

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Comparison Operators in Python

In Python, the comparison operators are used to compare two values. In other words, comparison operators are used to checking the relationship between two variables or values. The comparison operators are also known as Relational Operators. The following table presents the list of comparison operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 and b with value 3.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the comparison operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 3
print(a < b)
print(a <= b)
print(a > b)
print(a >= b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Logical Operators in Python

In Python, the logical operators are used to merge multiple conditions into a single condition. The following table presents the list of logical operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 and b with value 3.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the logical operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 3
c = 20
print(a < b and a > c)
print(a < b or a > c)
print(not a > b)

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Identity Operators in Python

In Python, identity operators are used to comparing the memory locations of two objects or variables. There are two identity operators in Python. The following table presents the list of identity operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 and b with value 3.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the identity operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 3
print(a is b)
print(a is not b)

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Membership Operators in Python

In Python, the membership operators are used to test whether a value is present in a sequence. Here the sequence may be String, List, or Tuple. There are two membership operators in Python. The following table presents the list of membership operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10, b with value 3, and a list [1, 4, 10, 40, 5].

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the membership operators in Python.

list = [1, 4, 10, 40, 5]
a = 10
b = 3
print(a in list)
print(b in list)
print(a not in list)
print(b not in list)
print('s' in 'btechsmartclass')

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.

Bitwise Operators in Python

In Python, the bitwise operators are used to performs bit by bit operation. There are six bitwise operators in Python. The following table presents the list of bitwise operations in Python along with their description.

To understand the example let's consider two variables a with value 10 equivalent binary value is 1010, b with value 15 equivalent binary value is 1111.

Let's look at the following example code to illustration the bitwise operators in Python.

a = 10
b = 15
print(f"{bin(a)} & {bin(b)} = {bin(a & b)}")
print(f"{bin(a)} | {bin(b)} = {bin(a | b)}")
print(f"{bin(a)} ^ {bin(b)} = {bin(a ^ b)}")
print(f"~{bin(a)} = {bin(~a)}")
print(f"{bin(a)} << 2 = {bin(a << 2)}")
print(f"{bin(a)} >> 2 = {bin(a >> 2)}")

When we run the above code, it produces the output as follows.